{"id":13359,"date":"2026-10-20T12:07:35","date_gmt":"2026-10-20T12:07:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=13359"},"modified":"2026-10-20T23:01:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T23:01:37","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b6%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=13359&lang=ar","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #666699;\">\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\">\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><b><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><b><\/b><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0640\u0640 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0640\u0640 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0630\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">23 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">1999<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">11 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"FR\"> \u00ab<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"IT\">\u00bb <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[1]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">:<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"FR\"> \u00ab<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"IT\">\u00bb<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[2]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[3]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[4]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2003<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[5]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2011 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[6]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2017<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[7]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"DE\"> (OAU).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2020<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[8]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[9]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[10]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2797<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[11]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"RU\">31 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2025<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[12]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\" style=\"color: #000080;\"><b><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><b><\/b><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2016<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[13]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2016<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[14]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0627<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[15]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[16]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2017. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[17]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2015<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201d<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[18]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[19]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[20]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2023 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201d<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[21]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2023.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0640\u0640 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\" style=\"color: #000080;\"><b><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><b><\/b><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2016<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[22]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">&#8211;<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2017<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[23]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">(BRI) <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2017<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2022<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[24]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2025<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[25]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2026 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn26\" name=\"_ftnref26\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[26]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">24 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2022<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0634\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn27\" name=\"_ftnref27\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[27]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2022 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn28\" name=\"_ftnref28\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[28]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[29]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn30\" name=\"_ftnref30\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[30]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"AR-SA\">2021 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2022<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn31\" name=\"_ftnref31\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[31]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0637\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn32\" name=\"_ftnref32\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[32]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn33\" name=\"_ftnref33\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[33]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn34\" name=\"_ftnref34\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[34]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0629<\/span> <span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn35\" name=\"_ftnref35\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[35]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn36\" name=\"_ftnref36\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[36]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn37\" name=\"_ftnref37\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[37]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">1967<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\" style=\"color: #000080;\"><b><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><b><\/b><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"FR\">\u00ab<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"IT\">\u00bb<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn38\" name=\"_ftnref38\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[38]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn39\" name=\"_ftnref39\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[39]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn40\" name=\"_ftnref40\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[40]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">1963<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0638\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn41\" name=\"_ftnref41\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[41]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn42\" name=\"_ftnref42\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[42]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0623\u0632\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u062c \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn43\" name=\"_ftnref43\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[43]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 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\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn44\" name=\"_ftnref44\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[44]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 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\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\" style=\"color: #000080;\"><b><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><b><\/b><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn45\" name=\"_ftnref45\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[45]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn46\" name=\"_ftnref46\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[46]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn47\" name=\"_ftnref47\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[47]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0633\u0646\u0629 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2013<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn48\" name=\"_ftnref48\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[48]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0633\u0646\u0629 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2015<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn49\" name=\"_ftnref49\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[49]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn50\" name=\"_ftnref50\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[50]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0633\u0646\u0629 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"AR-SA\">2021<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn51\" name=\"_ftnref51\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[51]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2022 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2023<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn52\" name=\"_ftnref52\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[52]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2022. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">: <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><b><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\" style=\"color: #000080;\"><b><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><b><\/b><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn53\" name=\"_ftnref53\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[53]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn54\" name=\"_ftnref54\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[54]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn55\" name=\"_ftnref55\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[55]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn56\" name=\"_ftnref56\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[56]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn57\" name=\"_ftnref57\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[57]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2002<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn58\" name=\"_ftnref58\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[58]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn59\" name=\"_ftnref59\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[59]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"AR-SA\">2021<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn60\" name=\"_ftnref60\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[60]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0648<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2026<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn61\" name=\"_ftnref61\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[61]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn62\" name=\"_ftnref62\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[62]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2026 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">17 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\/<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">2026 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"FR\">\u00ab<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"IT\">\u00bb <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/C582CA87-0798-42D7-BB19-415EC20848D1#_ftn63\" name=\"_ftnref63\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span dir=\"LTR\">[63]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0642\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"Default\" dir=\"RTL\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.\u00a0 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\n<p dir=\"RTL\">\n<h5 dir=\"RTL\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/span><\/h5>\n<div>\n<div>\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" \/>\n<div id=\"ftn1\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> George W. Bush Presidential Library, <span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span>Global War on Terror,\u201d National Archives, accessed August 30, 2026, <span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.georgewbushlibrary.gov\/research\/topic-guides\/global-war-terror\">https:\/\/www.georgewbushlibrary.gov\/research\/topic-guides\/global-war-terror<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn2\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> George W. Bush, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People,\u201d September 20, 2001, Office of the Press Secretary, The White House, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov\/news\/releases\/2001\/09\/text\/20010920-6.html\">https:\/\/georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov\/news\/releases\/2001\/09\/text\/20010920-6.html<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn3\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Irene Fernandez-Molina, &#8220;Morocco and the Middle East under Mohammed VI.&#8221; <i>HH Sheikh Nasser al-Mohammad al-Sabah Publication Series<\/i> 12 (2014), <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/durham-repository.worktribe.com\/output\/1699734\/morocco-and-the-middle-east-under-mohammed-vi\">https:\/\/durham-repository.worktribe.com\/output\/1699734\/morocco-and-the-middle-east-under-mohammed-vi<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn4\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\"> Yasmina Abouzzohour, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Progress and Missed Opportunities: Morocco Enters Its Third Decade under King Mohammed VI,\u201d <i>Brookings<\/i>, July 29, 2020, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/articles\/progress-and-missed-opportunities-morocco-enters-its-third-decade-under-king-mohammed-vi\/\">https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/articles\/progress-and-missed-opportunities-morocco-enters-its-third-decade-under-king-mohammed-vi\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn5\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Abdeslam Maghraoui, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">Morocco<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Reforms after the Casablanca Bombings,\u201d <i>Sada<\/i>, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, August 26, 2008, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/2008\/08\/moroccos-reforms-after-the-casablanca-bombings\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/2008\/08\/moroccos-reforms-after-the-casablanca-bombings<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn6\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\"> Raffaella A. Del Sarto, Helle Malmvig, and Eduard Soler i Lecha, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Interregnum: The Regional Order in the Middle East and North Africa after 2011,\u201d <i>MENARA Final Reports<\/i>, no. 1 (February 2019), SSRN, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3367815\">https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3367815<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn7\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\"> Miguel Hernando de Larramendi and Beatriz Tom<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">\u00e9<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\">-Alonso, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">The Return of Morocco to the African Union,\u201d <i>IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2017<\/i> (Barcelona: European Institute of the Mediterranean, 2017), 229\u2013232, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemed.org\/publication\/the-return-of-morocco-to-the-african-union\/\">https:\/\/www.iemed.org\/publication\/the-return-of-morocco-to-the-african-union\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn8\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\" dir=\"RTL\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span dir=\"LTR\">[8]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"FR\">\u00ab<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" lang=\"IT\">\u00bb <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/span> <span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064a <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201d<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0623\u0648 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201d<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c.<\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn9\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Donald J. Trump, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Proclamation on Recognizing the Sovereignty of the Kingdom of Morocco over the Western Sahara,\u201d December 10, 2020, The White House, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov\/presidential-actions\/proclamation-recognizing-sovereignty-kingdom-morocco-western-sahara\/\">https:\/\/trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov\/presidential-actions\/proclamation-recognizing-sovereignty-kingdom-morocco-western-sahara\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn10\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\"> Javier A. Gonz<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">\u00e1lez Vega,\u00a0 &#8220;Diplomatic Manoeuvres in the Dark: How Spain changed its Position on the Western Sahara Issue,\u201d <i>Spanish Yearbook of International Law<\/i> 26 (2022): 261-270, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sybil.es\/sybil\/article\/view\/21\">https:\/\/www.sybil.es\/sybil\/article\/view\/21<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn11\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Intissar Fakir, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">French Embrace of Moroccan Autonomy Plan Underscores Broader Shift on Western Sahara Dispute,\u201d <i>Middle East Institute<\/i>, August 8, 2024, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mei.edu\/publication\/french-embrace-moroccan-autonomy-plan-underscores-broader-shift-western-sahara-dispute\/\">https:\/\/mei.edu\/publication\/french-embrace-moroccan-autonomy-plan-underscores-broader-shift-western-sahara-dispute\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn12\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> United Nations Security Council, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Resolution 2797 (2025),\u201d S\/RES\/2797 (2025), October 31, 2025, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.un.org\/en\/s\/res\/2797(2025)\">https:\/\/docs.un.org\/en\/s\/res\/2797(2025)<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn13\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Said Saddiki and Mohammed Masbah, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">The Sahara Conflict after UNSCR 2797: Between Opportunity and Challenges,\u201d Moroccan Institute for Policy Analysis (MIPA), December 14, 2025, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=12865&amp;lang=en\">https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=12865&amp;lang=en<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn14\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/span><\/a> President of Russia, <span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span>Meeting with King of Morocco Mohammed VI,\u201d March 15, 2016. <a href=\"http:\/\/en.kremlin.ru\/events\/president\/news\/51516\">http:\/\/en.kremlin.ru\/events\/president\/news\/51516<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn15\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/span><\/a> Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, <span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span>Xi Jinping Holds Talks with King Mohammed VI,\u201d May 11, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/eng\/gjhdq_665435\/2913_665441\/2858_663706\/2860_663710\/202406\/t20240611_11417311.html\">https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/eng\/gjhdq_665435\/2913_665441\/2858_663706\/2860_663710\/202406\/t20240611_11417311.html<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn16\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Moroccan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, \u201cHM the King Mohammed VI: The Sahara Issue Is the Lens through which Morocco Looks at the World,\u201d August 22, 2022, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/in.diplomatie.ma\/en\/hm-king-mohammed-vi-sahara-issue-lens-through-which-morocco-looks-world\">https:\/\/in.diplomatie.ma\/en\/hm-king-mohammed-vi-sahara-issue-lens-through-which-morocco-looks-world<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn17\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Said <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">Saddiki, &#8220;Morocco<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Foreign Policy Treads on the Shifting Sands of Africa,\u201d <i>Moroccan Institute for Policy Analysis,<\/i> May 13, 2018,<i> <\/i><\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=5620&amp;lang=en\">https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=5620&amp;lang=en<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn18\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Faiza Koubi, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">Morocco<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Relentless Diplomacy in the Libyan Crisis,\u201d <i>International Institute for Middle East and Balkan Studies (IFIMES)<\/i>, September 17, 2020, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ifimes.org\/en\/researches\/moroccos-relentless-diplomacy-in-the-libyan-crisis\/4658\">https:\/\/www.ifimes.org\/en\/researches\/moroccos-relentless-diplomacy-in-the-libyan-crisis\/4658<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn19\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> PA-X Peace Agreements Database, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Libyan Political Agreement (Sukhairat Agreement),\u201d December 17, 2015, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.peaceagreements.org\/agreements\/wgg\/1370\/\">https:\/\/www.peaceagreements.org\/agreements\/wgg\/1370\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn20\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[20]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\"> Beatriz de Le\u00f3<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">n Cobo, Nicholas Hopton, and Burcu Ozcelik, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco as a Strategic Partner in Supporting the Sahel Region<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Security,\u201d <i>Royal United Services Institute (RUSI)<\/i>, February 13, 2025, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rusi.org\/explore-our-research\/publications\/commentary\/morocco-strategic-partner-supporting-sahel-regions-security\">https:\/\/www.rusi.org\/explore-our-research\/publications\/commentary\/morocco-strategic-partner-supporting-sahel-regions-security<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn21\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[21]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"NL\"> Abderrafie Zaanoun, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">Morocco<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Atlantic Initiative and Potential Challenges to Regional Leadership,\u201d <i>Carnegie Endowment for International Peace<\/i>, October 10, 2024, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/2024\/10\/moroccos-atlantic-initiative-and-potential-challenges-to-regional-leadership\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/2024\/10\/moroccos-atlantic-initiative-and-potential-challenges-to-regional-leadership<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn22\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[22]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\">\u00a0 U.S. Department of State, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Atlantic Cooperation,\u201d <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/2021-2025.state.gov\/bureau-of-oceans-and-international-environmental-and-scientific-affairs\/atlantic-cooperation\/\">https:\/\/2021-2025.state.gov\/bureau-of-oceans-and-international-environmental-and-scientific-affairs\/atlantic-cooperation\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn23\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[23]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Mordechai Chaziza, &#8220;China Partnership Diplomacy with Morocco and the New Silk Road Strategy,\u201d <i>The Maghreb Review<\/i> 49, no. 2 (2024): 99-119, DOI: <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/tmr.2024.a924759\">10.1353\/tmr.2024.a924759<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn24\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[24]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Reuters, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco signs preliminary financing agreement for $10 billion tech city,\u201d March 20, 2017, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/business\/morocco-signs-preliminary-financing-agreement-for-10-billion-tech-city-idUSKBN16R2MB\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/business\/morocco-signs-preliminary-financing-agreement-for-10-billion-tech-city-idUSKBN16R2MB\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn25\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[25]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Moroccan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco and China Sign Joint Belt and Road Implementation Plan,\u201d January 5, 2022, \u201d <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diplomatie.ma\/en\/morocco-and-china-sign-joint-belt-and-road-implementation-plan\">https:\/\/diplomatie.ma\/en\/morocco-and-china-sign-joint-belt-and-road-implementation-plan<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn26\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[26]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Moroccan Ministry of Foreign Affairs,<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco, China Establish Strategic Dialogue between Their Foreign Ministries,\u201d December 19, 2025, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diplomatie.ma\/en\/morocco-china-establish-strategic-dialogue-between-their-foreign-ministries\">https:\/\/diplomatie.ma\/en\/morocco-china-establish-strategic-dialogue-between-their-foreign-ministries<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn27\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[27]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Souhail Karam and Peter Martin, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco Weighs China Free Trade Agreement, Minister Says,\u201d Bloomberg News, June 12, 2026, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2026-06-12\/morocco-weighs-china-free-trade-agreement-minister-says\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2026-06-12\/morocco-weighs-china-free-trade-agreement-minister-says<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn28\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[28]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"FR\"> SNRT News, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"FR\">Ukraine-Russie: Le Maroc suit avec inqui\u00e9tude l\u2019\u00e9volution de la situation,\u201d February 26, 2022, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink2\"><span lang=\"FR\"><a href=\"https:\/\/snrtnews.com\/fr\/article\/ukraine-russie-le-maroc-suit-avec-inquietude-levolution-de-la-situation-34390\">https:\/\/snrtnews.com\/fr\/article\/ukraine-russie-le-maroc-suit-avec-inquietude-levolution-de-la-situation-34390<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn29\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[29]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Hespress English, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco Absent from UN Resolution on Ukraine-Russia Conflict,\u201d November 17, 2022, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.hespress.com\/53183-morocco-absent-from-un-resolution-on-ukraine-russia-conflict.html\">https:\/\/en.hespress.com\/53183-morocco-absent-from-un-resolution-on-ukraine-russia-conflict.html<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn30\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[30]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"DA\"> Frederic Wehrey, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">A Mixed Balance Sheet: Russia<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Uneven Influence in the Maghreb,\u201d <i>Carnegie Endowment for International Peace<\/i>, October 3, 2024, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/research\/2024\/10\/russias-uneven-influence-maghreb\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/research\/2024\/10\/russias-uneven-influence-maghreb<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn31\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[31]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"PT\"> de Le<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\">\u00f3<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">n Cobo, Hopton, and Ozcelik, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">Morocco as a Strategic Partner.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">\u201d<\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn32\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[32]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Joseph Stepansky, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Why the Biden Administration Is Reviewing Trump<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Western Sahara Decision,\u201d <\/span><span class=\"None\"><i><span lang=\"NL\">Al Jazeera<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"None\"><i>,<\/i><\/span><span class=\"None\">June 13, 2021, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2021\/6\/13\/why-biden-administration-and-western-sahara\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2021\/6\/13\/why-biden-administration-and-western-sahara<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn33\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[33]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Moroccan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco is firmly determined to move forward hand in hand with the European Union,\u201d January 29, 2026, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diplomatie.ma\/en\/morocco-firmly-determined-move-forward-together-eu-towards-deeper-more-strategic-resilient-partnership-fm\">https:\/\/diplomatie.ma\/en\/morocco-firmly-determined-move-forward-together-eu-towards-deeper-more-strategic-resilient-partnership-fm<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn34\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[34]<\/sup><\/span><\/a> European Commission, Directorate-General for Trade and Economic Security, <span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span>EU Trade Relations with Morocco,\u201d <span class=\"Hyperlink3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/policy.trade.ec.europa.eu\/eu-trade-relationships-country-and-region\/countries-and-regions\/morocco_en\">https:\/\/policy.trade.ec.europa.eu\/eu-trade-relationships-country-and-region\/countries-and-regions\/morocco_en<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn35\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[35]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\"> Lorena Gazzotti, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">\u201cTerrain of Contestation: Complicating the Role of Aid in Border Diplomacy between Europe and Morocco,\u201d<i> <\/i>International Political Sociology 16, no. 4 (December 2022), olac021, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olac021\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ips\/olac021<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn36\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[36]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Said Saddiki, \u201cMorocco and the War in Gaza: The Dilemma of Principles and Interests,\u201d <\/span><span class=\"None\"><i><span lang=\"IT\">EuroMeSCo<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"None\">, November 2023, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euromesco.net\/publication\/morocco-and-the-war-in-gaza-the-dilemma-of-principles-and-interests\/\">https:\/\/www.euromesco.net\/publication\/morocco-and-the-war-in-gaza-the-dilemma-of-principles-and-interests\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn37\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[37]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Moroccan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">HM the King Responds Positively to President Donald Trump<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Invitation to Join Peace Board as Founding Member,\u201d January 20, 2026, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maroc.ma\/en\/news\/hm-king-responds-positively-president-donald-trumps-invitation-join-peace-board-founding-member\">https:\/\/www.maroc.ma\/en\/news\/hm-king-responds-positively-president-donald-trumps-invitation-join-peace-board-founding-member<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn38\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref38\" name=\"_ftn38\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[38]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Ahmad Bentaher and Rania Abushamala, \u201cMorocco signs agreement with Board of Peace to join Gaza international force,\u201d Anadolu Agency, July 15, 2026.\u00a0 <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/middle-east\/morocco-signs-agreement-with-board-of-peace-to-join-gaza-international-force\/3999532\">https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/middle-east\/morocco-signs-agreement-with-board-of-peace-to-join-gaza-international-force\/3999532<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn39\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref39\" name=\"_ftn39\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[39]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> For a more detailed discussion of the notion of a status quo state, see Petar Popovi\u0107, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Redefining the Status Quo State: Collective Support, Order-Maintenance, and Self-Restraint,\u201d <i>International Politics<\/i> (2024): 1\u201319, DOI: <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/s41311-024-00635-z?urlappend=%253Futm_source%253Dresearchgate.net%2526utm_medium%253Darticle\">10.1057\/s41311-024-00635-z<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn40\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref40\" name=\"_ftn40\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[40]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> For a more detailed discussion of <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">strategic autonomy,\u201d see Hoang Le Thai Vu, Lan Di Ngo, and Thanh Tien Nguyen, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">A Spectrum of Autonomy: Towards a Theoretical Framework of Strategic Autonomy,\u201d <i>International Journal<\/i> 79, no. 2 (2024): 230\u201349, DOI: <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00207020241256000\">10.1177\/00207020241256000<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn41\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\" dir=\"RTL\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref41\" name=\"_ftn41\"><span class=\"None\"><sup><span dir=\"LTR\">[41]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">1963 <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064d \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">. <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">.<\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn42\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref42\" name=\"_ftn42\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[42]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Djallil Lounnas and Nizar Messari, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"NL\">Algeria<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">\u2013Morocco Relations and Their Impact on the Maghrebi Regional System,\u201d <i>MENARA Working Papers<\/i><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\">, CIDOB<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">, no. 20 (October 2018), https:\/\/www.cidob.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-03\/MENARA_Working paper_20_18.pdf<\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn43\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref43\" name=\"_ftn43\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[43]<\/sup><\/span><\/a> Said Saddiki, <span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span>Will Algerian Foreign Policy Change Towards Its Neighbors in the Next Decade?\u201d Moroccan Institute for Policy Analysis (MIPA), March 2020, <span class=\"Hyperlink3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=7654&amp;lang=en\">https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=7654&amp;lang=en<\/a><\/span> \u00a0<\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn44\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref44\" name=\"_ftn44\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[44]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Will Harvey-Powell, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">The Maghreb Rivalry: A Defence-Spending Perspective,\u201d <i>International Institute for Strategic Studies<\/i>, July 27, 2026, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/online-analysis\/military-balance\/2026\/07\/the-maghreb-rivalry-a-defence-spending-perspective\/\">https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/online-analysis\/military-balance\/2026\/07\/the-maghreb-rivalry-a-defence-spending-perspective\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn45\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref45\" name=\"_ftn45\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[45]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Michael Willis and Nizar Messari, \u201cAnalyzing Moroccan Foreign Policy and Relations with Europe,\u201d <i>The Review of International Affairs<\/i> 3, no. 2 (2003), 152\u2013172. <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1475355032000240658\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1475355032000240658<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn46\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref46\" name=\"_ftn46\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[46]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Said Saddiki, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">The Western Sahara Dispute: A Moroccan Perspective,\u201d <i>Bolet\u00ed<\/i><\/span><span class=\"None\"><i><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\">n de Estudios Africanos<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"None\">, no. 4 (January\u2013February 2012): 20\u201324, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudiosafricanos.wordpress.com\/2012\/11\/01\/the-western-sahara-dispute-a-moroccan-perspective\/\">https:\/\/estudiosafricanos.wordpress.com\/2012\/11\/01\/the-western-sahara-dispute-a-moroccan-perspective\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn47\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref47\" name=\"_ftn47\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[47]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Mohammed VI, King of Morocco, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">HM the King Delivers Speech to the Nation on the 39th Anniversary of the Green March,\u201d November 6, 2014, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/maroc.ma\/en\/royal-speeches-and-messages\/royal-speeches\/hm-king-delivers-speech-nation-39th-anniversary-green-march\">https:\/\/maroc.ma\/en\/royal-speeches-and-messages\/royal-speeches\/hm-king-delivers-speech-nation-39th-anniversary-green-march<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn48\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref48\" name=\"_ftn48\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[48]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> USA Today, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco Cancels War Games with US over Rights,\u201d April 16, 2013, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/2013\/04\/16\/morocco-cancels-war-games-with-us-over-rights\/2089089\/\">https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/2013\/04\/16\/morocco-cancels-war-games-with-us-over-rights\/2089089\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn49\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref49\" name=\"_ftn49\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[49]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Reuters, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco blocks Ikea store in row over Swedish support for breakaway republic,\u201d <i>The Guardian<\/i>, September 29, 2015, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/29\/moroccan-authorities-block-ikea-store-opening-in-row-over-swedish-support-for-independent-republic-in-western-sahara\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/29\/moroccan-authorities-block-ikea-store-opening-in-row-over-swedish-support-for-independent-republic-in-western-sahara<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn50\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref50\" name=\"_ftn50\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[50]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Jennifer Holleis and Hicham Driouich, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Tensions Rise between Morocco, Germany,\u201d <i>Deutsche Welle<\/i>, May 8, 2021, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/tensions-rise-between-morocco-and-germany\/a-57466437\">https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/tensions-rise-between-morocco-and-germany\/a-57466437<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn51\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref51\" name=\"_ftn51\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[51]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Reuters, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Western Sahara Leader<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Treatment in Spain Angers Morocco,\u201d May 18, 2021, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/western-sahara-leaders-treatment-spain-angers-morocco-2021-05-18\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/western-sahara-leaders-treatment-spain-angers-morocco-2021-05-18\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn52\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref52\" name=\"_ftn52\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[52]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"FR\"> Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Bobin, \u201cEntre le Maroc et la France, le grand d\u00e9samour,\u201d <i>Le Monde,<\/i> November 18, 2022, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink2\"><span lang=\"FR\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/international\/article\/2022\/11\/18\/entre-le-maroc-et-la-france-le-grand-desamour_6150568_3210.html?srsltid=AU7gw4UsbnPfCmot3nqBqc5kjI_ebJLBdiz6lE8P7lDFwj6xdtjgAHXE\">https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/international\/article\/2022\/11\/18\/entre-le-maroc-et-la-france-le-grand-desamour_6150568_3210.html?srsltid=AU7gw4UsbnPfCmot3nqBqc5kjI_ebJLBdiz6lE8P7lDFwj6xdtjgAHXE<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn53\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref53\" name=\"_ftn53\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[53]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Reuters, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Morocco Recalls Tunisia Ambassador over Western Sahara,\u201d August 27, 2022, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/africa\/morocco-recalls-tunisia-ambassador-over-western-sahara-2022-08-26\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/africa\/morocco-recalls-tunisia-ambassador-over-western-sahara-2022-08-26\/<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn54\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref54\" name=\"_ftn54\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[54]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Saddiki, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">Morocco<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s Foreign Policy Treads on the Shifting Sands of Africa.\u201d<\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn55\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref55\" name=\"_ftn55\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[55]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Moroccan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">In 2024, the Kingdom of Morocco achieved a 100% success rate in candidacy for vacant positions in international and regional organizations,\u201d December 19,\u00a0 2024, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diplomatie.ma\/en\/remarkable-success-moroccos-2024-candidacies-reflects-very-high-royal-visions-foresight-pragmatic-supportive-active-multilateral-governance\">https:\/\/diplomatie.ma\/en\/remarkable-success-moroccos-2024-candidacies-reflects-very-high-royal-visions-foresight-pragmatic-supportive-active-multilateral-governance<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn56\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref56\" name=\"_ftn56\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[56]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Anouar Boukhars, &#8220;Reassessing the power of regional security providers: the case of Algeria and Morocco,\u201d <i>Middle Eastern Studies<\/i> 55, no. 2 (2019): 242-260, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00263206.2018.1538968\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00263206.2018.1538968<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn57\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref57\" name=\"_ftn57\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[57]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Lounnas and Messari, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"NL\">Algeria<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">\u2013Morocco Relations and Their Impact on the Maghrebi Regional System.\u201d<\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn58\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref58\" name=\"_ftn58\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[58]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> David <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">Stenner<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">,<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\"> &#8220;Mediterranean <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Crossroads: Spanish-Moroccan Relations in Past and P<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">resent<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">,\u201d <i>The Journal of North African Studies<\/i> 24, no. 1 (2019): 7-16, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13629387.2018.1459089\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13629387.2018.1459089<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn59\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref59\" name=\"_ftn59\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[59]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\">\u00a0 Giles Tremlett, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Spanish Troops Recapture Parsley Island,\u201d <i>The Guardian<\/i>, July 18, 2002, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2002\/jul\/18\/spain.gilestremlett\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2002\/jul\/18\/spain.gilestremlett<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn60\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref60\" name=\"_ftn60\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[60]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> Said Saddiki, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Knocking at the Walls of Ceuta and Melilla: Irregular Migration and the Political\u2013Security Nexus,\u201d <i>Moroccan Institute for Policy Analysis (MIPA)<\/i>, June 14, 2022, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=9362&amp;lang=en\">https:\/\/mipa.institute\/?p=9362&amp;lang=en<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn61\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref61\" name=\"_ftn61\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[61]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\"> Ashifa Kassam, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">More than 6,000 Migrants Reach Spain<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s North African Enclave Ceuta,\u201d <i>The Guardian<\/i>, May 18, 2021, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2021\/may\/17\/record-1000-migrants-reach-spains-north-african-enclave-ceuta-in-a-day\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2021\/may\/17\/record-1000-migrants-reach-spains-north-african-enclave-ceuta-in-a-day<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn62\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref62\" name=\"_ftn62\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[62]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\"> Alejandro Martin Rodriguez and Sarah Yerkes, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">The Migration Wave That Embarrassed Morocco and Rattled Europe,\u201d <i>Carnegie Endowment for International Peace<\/i>, August 6, 2026, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/emissary\/2026\/08\/ceuta-morocco-europe-migration-fallout\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/emissary\/2026\/08\/ceuta-morocco-europe-migration-fallout<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn63\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref63\" name=\"_ftn63\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[63]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\"> Blanca Garc<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">\u00e9<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"IT\">s Mascare<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span lang=\"ES-TRAD\">\u00f1as, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">Ceuta: The Weaponisation of Migration,\u201d <i>CIDOB Opinion<\/i> 669, May 2021, <\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cidob.org\/en\/publications\/ceuta-weaponisation-migration\">https:\/\/www.cidob.org\/en\/publications\/ceuta-weaponisation-migration<\/a><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn64\">\n<p class=\"Footnote\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><small><a title=\"\" href=\"applewebdata:\/\/46D94BAE-9638-4234-B00B-4B842C246304#_ftnref64\" name=\"_ftn64\"><span class=\"None\"><sup>[64]<\/sup><\/span><\/a><span class=\"None\"> European Parliament, <\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU<\/span><span class=\"None\"><span dir=\"RTL\" lang=\"AR-SA\">\u2019<\/span><\/span><span class=\"None\">s external borders,\u201d Resolution, 17 September 2026, P10_TA(2026)0317.<\/span><span class=\"Hyperlink5\"><span dir=\"RTL\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/doceo\/document\/TA-10-2026-0317_EN.html\"><span dir=\"LTR\">https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/doceo\/document\/TA-10-2026-0317_EN.html<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/small><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":85,"featured_media":13368,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2147,198,1144],"tags":[1464,1126,2348],"coauthors":[1812],"class_list":["post-13359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2147","category-198","category---ar","tag---ar","tag--ar","tag-2348"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13359","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/85"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13359"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13370,"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13359\/revisions\/13370"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13368"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13359"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcoauthors&post=13359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}