<\/h5>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/mipa.institute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/MIPA-RABAT-POLICY-FORUM-18-2.jpg\")
<\/h5>\n
<\/h5>\n[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
<\/h5>\n<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\n\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/blockquote>\n
<\/h5>\n
\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629[1]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0641\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a[2]<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629[3]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f”[4]<\/a>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0622\u0633\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f[5]<\/a>. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0629) \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1999 \u06482013″ \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 (\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 ” \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0643 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629”[6]<\/a>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a” \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0647\u0627 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629” \u0633\u0646\u0629 2012 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 ” \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a”[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n
\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629 (<\/em>\u00a0Polity IV Project<\/em>)<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644(Center for Systemic Peace) \u00a0\u00a0\u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629[8]<\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a)[9]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 [10]<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637[11]<\/a> \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u061b “\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a 2019″<\/strong>. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062a\u0646.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 “\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a”<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n
\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span> <\/strong><\/h5>\n
<\/p>\n
\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628: \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n
\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u061f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n
\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/span>
\n<\/strong><\/h5>\n\u00a0<\/strong>[1]<\/a>– D. North. (1990). Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance<\/em>,\u00e9d. Cambridge University Press.<\/small><\/p>\n
[2]<\/a>– Ibidem.<\/small><\/p>\n
[3]<\/a>– Ibidem.<\/small><\/p>\n
[4]<\/a>– \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645” \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/small><\/p>\n
[5]<\/a>– B. Weingast. (1993). \u00ab\u00a0Constitutions as Governance Structures: The Political Foundations of Secure Markets\u201d. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics<\/em> (JITE) 149(1): 286\u2013311.<\/small><\/p>\n
[6]<\/a>– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a. (2017): \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1999 \u06482013. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637. \u0635 90.<\/small><\/p>\n
[7]<\/a> Institut Royal des Etudes Strategiques, (2012). Rapport de L\u2019enqu\u00eate Nationale sur le Lien Social au Maroc<\/em>, Rabat. P\u00a0: 9.<\/small><\/p>\n
[8]<\/a>– https:\/\/www.systemicpeace.org\/polity\/mor2.htm<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n
[9]<\/a>– \u00a0\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 5.68 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 10 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 2015) \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a Penn World Table 9.0 (https:\/\/www.rug.nl\/ggdc\/productivity\/pwt\/<\/a> ).<\/small><\/p>\n
[10]<\/a> 7.9 \u0639\u0644\u0649 10 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2016 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0648. (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: http:\/\/perspective.usherbrooke.ca\/bilan\/servlet\/BMTendanceStatPays?langue=fr&codePays=MAR&codeTheme=9&codeStat=GOUV.CATO2).<\/small><\/p>\n
[11]<\/a>– 77.72% \u0633\u0646\u0629 2016 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 World Development Indicators<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a (https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/products\/wdi<\/a>).<\/small><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\n<\/h4>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
\n
- \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
\n
- \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629: 30 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018<\/li>\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629: 15 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2018<\/li>\n
- \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: 10 \u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631 2018<\/li>\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629: 17 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018<\/li>\n
- \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631: 18 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/p>\n